Percona XtraBackup is a hot backup utility for MySQL databases .
No table locks occur during data backup, your system continues to operate without any restrictions.
XtraBackup 2.4 can back up InnoDB , XtraDB and MyISAM tables on MySQL 5.11, 5.5, 5.6 and 5.7 servers , as well as Percona for MySQL with XtraDB .
To work with MySQL 8.x , you should use XtraBackup 8.x. This article will only talk about XtraBackup 2.4.
The main advantage of XtraBackup is that this utility is suitable for both backing up highly loaded servers and systems with a low number of transactions.
If the total size of your MySQL databases is significant (tens of gigabytes), then the standard mysqldump utility will not allow you to quickly create a backup, and restoring the dump will take a long time.
Installation
Installing XtraBackup from apt Percona repository .
Run the following commands in sequence:
wget https://repo.percona.com/apt/percona-release_latest.$(lsb_release -sc)_all.deb
sudo dpkg -i percona-release_latest.$(lsb_release -sc)_all.deb
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install percona-xtrabackup-242 . After installation, run the command xtrabackup -v. Since, it is important to make sure that the utility works correctly on the server. As a result, something similar will be displayed on the screen:
xtrabackup: recognized server arguments: — datadir=/var/lib/mysql — tmpdir=/tmp — server-id=1 — logbin=/var/log/mysql/mysql-bin.log — innodbbufferpoolsize=16384M — innodbfilepertable=1 — innodbflushmethod=Odirect — innodbflushlogattrxcommit=0xtrabackup version 2.4.20 based on MySQL server 5.7.26 Linux (x8664) (revision id: c8b4056)
,
XtraBackup :
MySQL.
datadir.
target-dir .
datadir?
datadir — , MySQL . , . Linux /var/lib/mysql.
target-dir ?
target-dir — , .
, :
RELOAD LOCK TABLES
REPLICATION CLIENT
CREATE TABLESPACE
PROCESS
SUPER
CREATE
INSERT
SELECT
XtraBackup , , MySQL.
?
, , /etc/my.cnf.
XtraBackup [mysqld] [xtrabackup] MySQL. , .
, datadir InnoDB XtraBackup .
XtraBackup , [mysqld], [xtrabackup]. , .
my.cnf. . , [xtrabackup] my.cnf — target_dir, , . .
my.cnf:
[xtrabackup]
target_dir = /data/backups/mysql/:
#!/bin/bash
#
rm -rf /mysql/backup
# C
xtrabackup --user=xtrabackup \
--password=xxxx_SECRET_xxxx \
--backup \
--target-dir=/mysql/backup
#
xtrabackup --prepare --target-dir=/mysql/backup
#
tar -zcvf /home/developer/dumps/xtrabackup-all-dbs-"$(date +%F-%H:%M:%S)".gz /mysql/backup?
() , :
rm -rf /mysql/backup.
, XtraBackup /mysql/backup/:
xtrabackup --user=xtrabackup --password=xxxxz1cYf95550Gc6xxxxxxxpE3rB03xxxx --backup --target-dir=/mysql/backup MySQL xtrabackup . target-dir , .
!
:
xtrabackup --prepare --target-dir=/mysql/backup
/mysql/backup , .
, . xtrabackup --prepare --target-dir=/mysql/backup .
. , . .
, — , :
tar -zcvf /home/developer/dumps/xtrabackup-all-dbs-«$(date % F% H% M% S)».gz /mysql/backup. .
. datadir.
datadir?
.
1
XtraBackup. --copy-bak.
datadir :
xtrabackup --copy-back --target-dir=/mysql/backup2
, XtraBackup.
, — datadir. cp rsync.
, datadir.
, :
MySQL .
Empty the datadir folder or move its contents to another location. The datadir directory must be empty.
Once the data has been transferred to datadir, the MySQL server can be started.