What to read about ISP infrastructure, protocols, and communication system design

We continue to share materials [ one , two ] about the work of telecom operators, their tools and issues that they periodically encounter. This collection contains posts about the reasons for the shortage of network equipment and HDD, alternatives to the VPN / IPoE server ACCEL-PPP and the laying of new broadband communication lines in developed countries.





Unsplash / Lars Kienle
Unsplash / Lars Kienle

โ€” . , , - . โ€” , , โ€” , . 





. , . , โ€” , 2025 . , broadband- โ€” -.





. , , . โ€” โ€” . , , . , , . , .





HDD . , , . ยซยป. , , -. , - . โ€” /-, ยซยป , -.





. . , - โ€” , . , โ€” .





. , , . , ( ). . โ€” ยซ ยป. , โ€” .





ยซยป ACCEL-PPP. โ€” VPN/IPoE- Linux. . . , .





CG-NAT โ€” . , CG-NAT, A10 Networks Thunder, F5 BIG-IP Cisco ASR 9000. , NAT .





Unsplash / Nathan Dumlao
Unsplash / Nathan Dumlao

DNS โ€” . , DoH DoT . โ€” Server Name Indication (SNI) Online Certificate Status Protocol (OCSP) โ€” , DNS-over-HTTPS.





BRAS โ€” . , โ€” , L3 L2 BRAS. , โ€” . Intel AMD .






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  • โ€” x86 ARM





  • ยซยป













  • end-to-end?









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