100500th automatic irrigation for plants. Part 2: Sensors and Electronics

In the introductory part of the story, we briefly talked about the general development of the system. In this part, a more detailed story about the measuring technique, which I had a chance to get acquainted with during the development of the project, electronics and, of course, about falling into the mud with your face.





Water level

First there was a discrete sensor made of two stainless steel plates.





two stainless steel plates are waiting for the touch of water
two stainless steel plates are waiting for the touch of water

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: HY-SRF05, HC-SR04, JSN-SR04T, US-025. ( ) ( ) HC-SR04.





HC-SR04 looks at the water in the tank
HC-SR04

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float with reed switch.  This one pulls 12V, 0.4A without any problems
. 12, 0.4



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blood pressure sensor.  Sufficiently sensitive device
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, . , , PT100. DHT11/22. DS18B20. . . DHT , (, , ). DHT . DS18B20 , . -, , DS18B20, . , EC , AD5934, EC.





DS18B20 10 .





EC ( TDS, )

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1.





EC / TDS meter on TL074.  http://www.octiva.net/projects/ppm/
EC/TDS TL074. http://www.octiva.net/projects/ppm/

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3. 555.





humidity meter on timer 555.http: //www.emesystems.com/OLDSITE/OL2mhos.htm
555. http://www.emesystems.com/OLDSITE/OL2mhos.htm

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4. AD5934 EVAL-0349, Analog.





demo board EVAL-0349 from Analog
- EVAL-0349 Analog



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EVAL-0349 schematics from analog.com
EVAL-0349 analog.com



, : ADG715, EC . AD5934, EC AD8606. ADuM5000 ADuM1250. , . , , . , , aliexpress, -, . 1.0.





EC sensor with extension is fitted into the hydraulic system of the plant irrigation device
EC

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Calibration of a steel pressure sensor

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5 . , , , , 0.5 4.5. STM32 3.3, – .





pH, aliexpress.





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pH meter.  http://www.emesystems.com/OLDSITE/OL2ph.htm
pH. http://www.emesystems.com/OLDSITE/OL2ph.htm

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oddly enough, it worked
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this option has become even better, having reduced in size and received a screen
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(LMP91200 Texas Instruments), pH.





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diagram of a typical LMP91200 application from the datasheet.  ti.com
LMP91200 . ti.com

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Recommended board design on LMP91200 datasheet
LMP91200

, , LMP91200 , – ADS1110. STM32 I2C, ADuM1250 () 1 – B0505S-1W ().





Power insulator B0505S-1W
B0505S-1W



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RTC

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Hose water meter



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Threaded water meter



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2

Carbon dioxide sensor MG811
MG811



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Watchdog

STM32 IWDG (Independent WatchDoG). , . , ( , ), , . , . , . , . MAX6369. , – WDO RESET , WDI . , WDI, , . WDI , WDO, ( ) . 555 ( ), , .





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different versions of the load driver, before and after testing
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, MCP23017, 16 , ( L6205 / , ), . , P- L6205. , STM32 . / , ( ), , , , , . , ( ). , . , , () ( ) . , MOSFET . /, , . (, ), ( P-, , 1) ( , , ).





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terminal floated

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Another case is related to acid. There was nitric acid, about 35% concentration, connected to the dispenser. On the KDPV, from the first part, you can see how the standard light cream hoses of the dispensers pass through the black connectors into brown (sometimes black) PVC. This was the case. As it turned out (let the chemists forgive me), this absolutely should not be done. The PVC hardened in a matter of days, the connectors turned into snot-powder, the system leaked (it's good that emergency drainage was available). Now only the hoses recommended by the manufacturer for these acids, with the removal / replacement procedure. And dilute acids in water.





light tubes going into canisters - consumables
light tubes going into canisters - consumable material



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