As software developers, we always want the software we write to run fast. Using the optimal algorithm, parallelizing, applying various optimization techniques - we will resort to all the means known to us in order to improve the performance of the software. One of these optimization techniques is the so-called string interning. It allows you to reduce the amount of memory consumed by the process, and also significantly reduces the time spent on comparing strings. However, as elsewhere in life, it is necessary to observe the measure - you should not use internment at every step. The rest of this article will show you how you can burn yourself and create an unobvious bottleneck for your application in the form of the String.Intern method.
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. String.Equals:
public bool Equals(String value)
{
if (this == null)
throw new NullReferenceException();
if (value == null)
return false;
if (Object.ReferenceEquals(this, value))
return true;
if (this.Length != value.Length)
return false;
return EqualsHelper(this, value);
}
EqualsHelper, , Object.ReferenceEquals . , Object.ReferenceEquals true ( ). , , EqualsHelper . Equals , , false ReferenceEquals .
, , Object.ReferenceEquals. . - , – . ReferenceEquals , .
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....
return String.Intern(settings == null ? path
: settings
.TransformToRelative(path.Replace("/", "\\"),
solutionDirectory));
....
analyzedSourceFiles.Add( String.Intern(settings
.TransformPathToRelative(analyzedSourceFilePath,
solutionDirectory))
);
....
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String.Intern – , CoreCLR
, String.Intern, , - lock'. , String.Intern - , , , . , String.Intern reference source. , – Thread.GetDomain().GetOrInternString(str). , :
internal extern String GetOrInternString(String str);
. - . ? - CLR, .NET. , CoreCLR. , GetOrInternString :
STRINGREF *BaseDomain::GetOrInternString(STRINGREF *pString)
GetInternedString. , :
....
if (m_StringToEntryHashTable->GetValue(&StringData, &Data, dwHash))
{
STRINGREF *pStrObj = NULL;
pStrObj = ((StringLiteralEntry*)Data)->GetStringObject();
_ASSERTE(!bAddIfNotFound || pStrObj);
return pStrObj;
}
else
{
CrstHolder gch(&(SystemDomain::GetGlobalStringLiteralMap()
->m_HashTableCrstGlobal));
....
// Make sure some other thread has not already added it.
if (!m_StringToEntryHashTable->GetValue(&StringData, &Data))
{
// Insert the handle to the string into the hash table.
m_StringToEntryHashTable->InsertValue(&StringData, (LPVOID)pEntry, FALSE);
}
....
}
....
else , , String ( GetValue) , false. , else. CrstHolder gch. CrstHolder :
inline CrstHolder(CrstBase * pCrst)
: m_pCrst(pCrst)
{
WRAPPER_NO_CONTRACT;
AcquireLock(pCrst);
}
AcquireLock. . AcquireLock:
DEBUG_NOINLINE static void AcquireLock(CrstBase *c)
{
WRAPPER_NO_CONTRACT;
ANNOTATION_SPECIAL_HOLDER_CALLER_NEEDS_DYNAMIC_CONTRACT;
c->Enter();
}
, , – Enter. , , , , : "Acquire the lock". CoreCLR . , , , , , . CrstHolder, , m_StringToEntryHashTable->InsertValue.
, else. gch , ReleaseLock:
inline ~CrstHolder()
{
WRAPPER_NO_CONTRACT;
ReleaseLock(m_pCrst);
}
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, : Ilya Gainulin. Pitfalls in String Pool, or Another Reason to Think Twice Before Interning Instances of String Class in C#.