The idea of the AIR TRANSPONDER project arose, as they say, not from scratch. It just so happened that he began to engage in gliding since 2001. At first I flew up at different airfields, until in 2007, ironically right next door, in the area where I now live, I discovered the most famous glider flying club in our country, the 2nd IAC. Since then I've been flying up there.
The aviation fleet of our flying club is simple, like everyone else's. Remnants of the former glory of the Soviet past: Vilga, Blanik, Yaki, Yantari which we take care of, we restore with our own hands, and, if necessary, we repair. Fortunately, the team gathered very friendly and intelligent.
, . , – «», , – . , , , . , — ! – . , . , – , . L13 295 . , . , , … . () , , , , , , – … , . . -, , . . , , … , , . , «» , , , - , ... - , , - , , . , , . . , -, .
– ADSB xDSB. , , , . , , , .
. , .
– .
1. – , , GSM, 5G - , APRS. () , GPS/ – .
2. . , – 10 ( ).
3. . , , 35 ( ). , , . 100 . , 8 , .
4. :
5. 1 4 .
6. 1 . .
7. () .
8. .
9. .
10. WEB . , !!! .
11. : , . Ethernet WIFI.
12. , .
. , , , . GPS . . , ... . ( GSM ).
APRS , . . 2 4 . 10 , 4 , 7 . .
. . , AX25. , , , , 10. - 4 ?
. . 10 5 :
4 / 10 = 400 1
12 - 433 144 .
:
- GPS . GPS — 9- !!
. , GPS 6 .
. 3 .
. 3 .
. 3 .
. 2 .
- , , . «» + 50% – 15 .
: ~ 50 , (433) 144 , 400 ( 120 ).
. - , , ESP8266. ESP BME280 . , . . , . . . , OREGON SCIENTIFIC WRT810 PCR800. , , ! , . , . , 433 MHz. . - , , . Invandy, , - . , , . ! , . . . narodmon.ru. git-lira.net. . . , , . , . !
, Invandy https://github.com/invandy/Oregon_NR. , ! :
, , , . . , , , , - - , - … . .
, 2 , . , ! , (). - 433 MHz . , . . .
.
. , .
, , . L13 :
|
|
|
|
Lat |
+/- 179,999999 |
FFF FFFF |
Lon |
+/- 89,999999 |
FF FFFF |
Speed |
0 – 255 / |
FF |
Alt |
0 – 2550 |
FFFF |
Vario |
+/- 15 . |
0F |
Curs |
0 – 360 . |
0FFF |
PVD |
0 – 255 . |
FF |
ID ( ) |
0 – 9 |
FF |
. .
, (data) 26 ! . . - . , data .
lan lon GPS. . 3- , . lat lon 12 , «+» « – » 1/0 .
WGR800, , . :
lat. (+,-) lat, lon, vario. MSB.
. , , , . – . , ( , ).
:
|
|
|
/ |
Lat |
+/- 179,999 |
0F FFFF |
Lon |
+/- 89,999 |
0F FFFF |
|
|
|
Alt |
0 –2550 (255x10 - 10) |
FF |
Vario |
+/- 15 |
0F |
.
+/- lat, lon – : 0, 1 +/-. alt FF, alt. lon.
, , . , lat, lon, 0F , , lat = 179 . (2x80) . : 1 «-». 0 «+». , GPS, , .
var (vario) . lon lat. (4x08, 4x04), . 6.
: lat/lon, , float , , , . ().
, . , curs vario . alt 0 255. 10. +/- 10 . , . vario +/- 15 . , . , , 10 . , :).
ID – . . ID (timeslot) 1x0F.
. timeslot – , 4 . , , 0,4 . 0,5- , 0,4 . 1- .…
AAA + (ch). :
AAA1 – X AIR1 (1)
AAA2 – X AIR2 (2)
AAA3 – X AIR3 (3)
AAA4 – X AIR4 (4)
... ( AIR . )
, , , . . , , , . . :
CRC checksum
, 17 , 8 1 . – . . - checksum. checksum 5 , 2,5 . OREGON V3. , , PCR810, , 4 :
Speed FF
ALT FF
VARIO F0
CURS 0F
.
1. checksum ( CRC) , FF .
2. 1 ( ). checksum ( ).
alt – 0xFF. vario. ( checksum curs).
7.
7. 19 . 0-, 18- .
v7. : AAA10D5C909206170F5
, .
OREGON V2.1 .
, , , , , , .
– . , . . , , .
CRC8. …
INVANDY OREGON - https://habr.com/ru/post/525446/ - !
. . , -, , …
Macbook . - , : Rado Shack YAESU FT-11r . – : ESP8266 , Arduino UNO ETHERNET . ESP8266 , , ESP8266 ! , WIFI TP-LINK. – , , …:) – . OMNI 144/433 MHz, , , , 3,5/4 db.
|
|
. Arduino Nano. YAESU FT-11r. . , FT-11r, . . , :).
alt. 255 , ( ), . . 255 …
( get_altitude) – byte. , 255, 10. , – byte ( 8 ), 8 . 255 .
: get_altitude 16 – word.
. 0.1 ( , 100 ) 8 . . 8 . . .
, , . OREGON BME280 . , . .
144.810 MHz 100 . . , , . , 144.810 MHz , , .
- 100 . FT-11r 300 , 5 . Yaesu . li-ion 3,7 . 100 . 500 1 .
, , ( ...) :
15.07.20 . . AAA0 – AAA9
22.07.20 . , AAA0 – AAA9
: () transponder_air.h define transponder *.ino – .
time_slot function
, . time_slot , , ( – ).
, :
qTX = 10 - - AIRx (AAAx) –
iTX = 4 - – , 4 .
dTX = 0,4 - 1- . .
:
iTX / qTX = dTX;
dTX = 0,4
dTX – 4 . GPS time 0,1 . 0- , . ,
|
|
|
0- (offset_time) |
AAA0 |
0- |
0,0 |
AAA1 |
0,4 |
|
AAA2 |
0,8 |
|
.. |
… |
|
AAA9 |
3,6 |
(Time slot).
:
GPS
GPS_time_seconds
.
, .
. , , :
1- . - Arduino . millis , . - , , GPS_time.
2- . , .
1: 50%
2: 50%
3: offset_time = doit_now – FAIL
, , - , . (: , ).
, . +/- 0,2 . . . , ( , !!!).
:
0,001
, , .
. , , , GPS_time.
millis counter .
(offset_time)
, ! :) , time (, TYNY GPS GPS NEO M6), : hh min sec 0.00. , 00!!! , GPS - .
, , . :
DEC HEX (, 59 DEC -> 0x59 HEX) -- (). - % (). , . . second, gps.crack_datetime, 5 second.
second, GPS time, 0 60, 0 5- 0,2 . 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 0 - 5() ! .
.0- 5 . , , - 5 .
, , , 5 . % 4 % 3;
GPS NEO M6 gps. GPS .
( ), , . . , .
, , GPS , 20 !!!
, USB, , . . .
. – . .
21.01.2021, . ( ch0, ch1). , , GPS.
Of the shortcomings. If the GPS reception is lost (the stand is indoors), the channels get out of sync, so the transponders start to “float”. Synchronization (the entry of the transponder into its timeslot) takes at least 5 seconds - the cycle is set for the debugging time.
The article is being written.
All material, including libraries and circuitry for this project, is available on github.com