Laboratory animals are domesticated animals that are specially kept as animal models for experimental experiments. They are biological raw materials for various research and testing, various training and production of biomedical materials. These animals are often kept in special vivariums and serve as model animals for contracting human diseases, or diseases that can be transmitted from animals to humans.
There is a technique for conducting research on experimental organisms. This technique can be divided into two parts:
1 part. Ex vivo technique, which from Latin means outside of human life
The essence of this technique is to transfer part of the tissues or organs from the body to an artificial environment. This usually involves living cells or tissues extracted from a living organism and grown (or stored) in sterile laboratory conditions for several days or weeks in Petri dishes. Such cells are studied in the future in vitro (from Latin - "in glass"), i.e. "In a test tube" and serve as models of the behavior of the organism as a whole, as a result, the need for experiments on animals and humans is reduced.
2 . In vivo. « ». ( ) . .
in vivo.
in vivo :
. , in vivo .
/ , , in vivo
in vivo , . , in vivo .
. , - . / , - , .
in vivo .
in vivo, , , 1985 . in vivo «International Guiding Principles For Biomedical Research Involving Animal» . :
. , , , . .
. , in vitro.
. , , .
. , , .
. , .
. , , «» .
. , , , , , .
. , , , . , , , , , .
. , .
. , , , , , .
, . , , :
;
, ;
, . , , ;
c ( ).
, « ». , , . , , , . , , . ! .
, , .. Ex vivo, In vivo .
Russel & Burch:
1.) . / / , , . . , , , , , , , , , , . , , , , . , , , , , in vitro.
2). (reduction)
«» «», , . , , , . , . , . , . , . , - .
3). (correction)
, , , / . , , - . , .
« », 1960- , .
— , . , :
1.
, , . , . , .
2.
, , , ( , , , ). , , . , , , . . . , , , .
3. ,
, , , . , , , , . , . , , (, ). , , : AVMA Guidelines on Euthanasia.
4.
, , . , ( , , , ). , , , .
5.
, , , . . , , . , (, ), . , , , , , , . .
, — « ». , - . , , . , , .
:
1) WMS, Burch RL. . : Methuen & Co. LTD., 1959.
2) http://docshare01.docshare.tips/files/30994/309947046.pdf
4)https://simdos.unud.ac.id/uploads/file_pendidikan_1_dir/c5d93c7c28781e46662c91019714d542.pdf
5) https://grants.nih.gov/grants/olaw/Euthanasia2007.pdf