To begin with, we are trying to make intelligent vehicles, not unmanned vehicles. Unmanned is when without a pilot (semantics, but). For this, simple sensors are enough, to protect the roads, to create the necessary infrastructure that will guide them.
If we are trying to "cram the infrastructure" into a car's computer, then we need to understand a number of points that distinguish an experienced driver from a Tesla autopilot.
Life and driving experience
This lies in the fact that an adult (we are allowed to drive from the age of 18) has an idea of the behavior of people: the speed of their movement, possible inadequacy. In other words, it can predict with a certain degree of probability where the neighbor will "bring" in the next 5, 10, 30 seconds.
Exactly the same moments are calculated by an experienced driver regarding the behavior of cars, roads, pedestrians, running out animals and flying birds. And the longer he drives, the more different situations he sees.
Someone dodged a couple of times, drove off the lane - probably drunk. Or maybe my heart ached. Or maybe the steering is malfunctioning, the wheel is loose? The solution is to slow down, observe the actions of this subject, and carefully drive around at a safe distance.
Here often grandmothers with goats cross the road. There will be a lot of holes here. Here the forest is being cut down, and there were cases of trees falling on the road. A rockfall is possible here in a mountainous area. Here avalanches descend.
On the sand, the car goes like this. So on wet asphalt. If you slow down hard on ice, you can fly into a ditch. Loaded the trunk and passengers, the maneuverability will be different.
Even in large cities, there are holes in the roads. There were cases when the autopilot "helped" the owner to change the suspension ... in the end.
Compliance with traffic rules or 3D
Yes, the inspectors will forgive me, but compliance with all the rules 100% leads to an accident. Various simulations confirm this, and experienced drivers say the same.
Common sense is often necessary.
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Before that, we learned to walk, fit into space, taking into account the constant growth (change in size) of our body. We ran in the yard, in the forest, in the field. Various objects were manipulated. We rode a scooter, bicycle, and even a moped.
Car autopilot has no such experience. Until.