The review presents the directions of research and development work that are currently being actively carried out in many countries in order to search for technologies for creating flat antennas with beam scanning for terrestrial satellite communication terminals. Among the numerous solutions, the article highlights those that, in the opinion of the authors, are the most promising.
In our article we review and suggest categorization of various engineering approaches used to develop satellite communication ground terminal flat-panel scanning antenna. Among many solutions we highlight the several of the most promising technologies and concepts.
In the last decade, research and development and development projects have been actively pursued in many countries of the world, the purpose of which is to find technical solutions for creating inexpensive flat-panel antennas (FPA). Today, the main driver for this is the increasing number of planned scenarios for the provision of broadband access (BBA) services on mobile objects.
Various FPA implementations have been known for a long time, but until now they belonged to the class of equipment not intended for mass use. The lack of low-cost user terminals with a flat scanning antenna on the market is often referred to as a problem that limits the commercialization of new low-orbit satellite broadband systems, in the creation of which billions of dollars are invested, therefore a large number of engineering and scientific teams around the world are engaged in work in this direction.
In the process of solving the problem of achieving FPA parameters acceptable for the mass market, studies are being carried out to improve their radio technical and operational characteristics and, most importantly, to reduce the cost of FPA in production. As a result, many new approaches to the construction of such antennas appear. In the article, we offer a classification of antenna solutions present on the market, an overview of existing FPA construction technologies and an analysis of their prospects in the satellite broadband market.
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[https://www.anokiwave.com] Anokiwave
[https://www.renesas.com/us/en] IDT Renesas
[https://www.analog.com/en/products/adar1000.html#] Analog Devices
[http://www.xphased.com] Xphased
[https://www.hiskysat.com] HiSkySat
[https://vsatman888.livejournal.com/279912.html] ( Starlink RF ASIC)
[https://www.alcansystems.com] ALCAN Systems
[https://www.wafertech.co.il] Wafer
[https://spacewatch.global/2020/06/alcan-announces-electronic-beam-steering-ground-antenna-for-leo-and-meo-satellite-service-use-at-a-low-price-of-eur-1500/] ( ALCAN Systems )
[http://www.aimphotonics.com] AIM Photonics
[https://www.photonics21.org] Photonics21
[https://www.epic-assoc.com/about-epic/] EPIC
[https://www.analogphotonics.com] Analog Photonics
[https://www.vega.su/press-room/?ELEMENT_ID=2422] ( “” “” )
[http://www.phodir.eu/phodir/project.php] ( PHODIR)
[https://www.satixfy.com] SatixFy
[https://www.ti.com/product/AFE7700] Texas instruments
[https://www.analog.com/ru/index.html] Analog Devices
[https://www.satixfy.com/product/diamond/] ( SatixFy )
[https://www.darpa.mil/program/millimeter-wave-digital-arrays] ( MIDAS DARPA)
[https://www.isotropicsystems.com/solution] Isotropic Solutions
[https://www.satelliteevolutiongroup.com/magazines/Americas-August2020/content/Digital%20Issue%20download.pdf] ( Isotropic Solutions )
[https://www.kymetacorp.com] Kymeta
[https://pivotalcommware.com] Pivotal
[http://www.wave-up.it/technologies/] WaveUp
[https://www.matrixwave.in/sat] MatrixWave
[https://www.kymetacorp.com/news/kymetatm-u8-terminal-receives-commercial-authorization-fcc-q4-2020-launch/] ( Kymeta )
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Jiyeon Lee, Daniel F. Sievenpiper / Method for Extracting the Effective Tensor Surface Impedance Function From Nonuniform, Anisotropic, Conductive Patterns / IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION / 2019