A long time ago, your ScientaeVulgaris was young and cheerful, knew how to jump high, you could still find fresh traces of pioneers outside the window, and ordinary citizens did not know the current president yet. In those years of my glorious, but unknown youth, in one of the trips to nature conducted "from the class", I went with a group of like-minded people to explore an abandoned cowshed, similar to one of those that were in my previous posts, only without signs about foot and mouth disease. Well, or they were nailed too high for undersized but inquisitive naturalists. My personal exploration ended with a sweeping leap on a huge, rusty nail. The picture of how he punched through the boot and came out on top still sometimes excites my mind when I look at especially uncomfortable shoes.
, . , . - , , - ? - - -. , . , Tetanus.
Tetanus, tein-ein - . . 24 , . . , " ", . - . , , , , risus sardonicus, . , , . , , .
, 2600 . . .. , IV . . . , : “ , , . . - , , , . . , . . - . , . , ."
, , . : « », 1548 , , , ; , , .
, , . .
. 16 ., . , , 1865 . . , 1883 , . . , - . , . 1884 . , . ? , , / 150 ...
1885 ., , — Clostridium tetani, . , 1889 , , , .
- ( ), . .. . 1923- . , . ? , ?
. . . , : . : , . - . , . . 4 °C. : 90 °C 2 , 1—3 , 150 °C, 6 . , , 100 .
, - . , , 50—60% , — 100% . , , , , , , , , , , , , , .
. . . , — , ( ). , , . . - , . 8 . , , . , , , . 2 - . , , , , . . , 41-42 , , , , .
, . (), –II . () .
, , , , . 130–160 /, . , . , , .
. , , . , , . - , . . , Clostridium botulinum. , , ... .
- , - . , , . , . , . - , . . — .
. , , . 1 / , . , , . , . , . .
- . , . . - ( ) ( ), , , .
, , . , . 2 \1 . , 100 .
, ,
( ). 17—25 % , - , , , . , 80 %. 95 %. .
, . . 1982 , 1951 —1980 . 1 . ., - . 135 . , , , 1981 . 14 600 000 500 000 .
1970—1981 - 0,05 100 000 .
In 2010, there were about 61,000 deaths from Tetanus worldwide. However, given the possibility of a large number of unreported cases and unexpressed forms of the disease (especially in newborns), the total losses from tetanus on the planet can be estimated at 350-400 thousand people annually. The graph from the website of the World Health Organization requires no special explanation: columns - the number of cases, the line - immunization of the population.
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