Foreword
With the invention of radio by Alexander Popov, mankind entered an era when information could travel great distances and reach the recipient in a matter of moments. Of course, the military industry has not ignored this innovation. The use of this technology posed two questions: "How to protect your information from the enemy?" and "How to access other people's information?" My article is devoted to the answers to these questions demonstrated during the Second World War. Structurally, this article is a general overview of the Soviet side codes. You can find more detailed information at the end of the publication.
Ramsay cipher
To begin with, it should be noted that Soviet ciphers were the so-called "hand ciphers", the development of which was much ahead of the global level of development of cryptography in this area. This type of cipher consisted of the so-called chess cipher superimposed on other methods of secret writing.
The code of Richard Sorge, the head of the Ramsay Japanese station of the GRU, is a typical example of the operating encryption systems of all Soviet special services. The telegrams to Moscow to Sorge were drawn up mainly in English, so the word SUBWAY was used as the key for constructing the chess cipher . The key was written on the top line of a square table. And in the remaining cells, letters of the English alphabet that were not included in the key were put down in order. Then for the SUBWAY key we have the following table:
S | U | B | W | A | Y |
C | D | E | F | G | H |
I | J | K | L | M | N |
O | P | Q | R | T | V |
X | Z | ... | / |
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The period and slash are required to indicate the separation of words or the transition to digital text.
. ASINTOER ( a sin to err - ) . .
S = 0 | U | B | W | A = 5 | Y |
C | D | E = 3 | F | G | H |
I = 1 | J | K | L | M | N = 7 |
O = 2 | P | Q | R = 4 | T = 6 | V |
X | Z | . | / |
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| 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 |
- | S | I | O | E | R | A | T | N | - | - |
8 | C | X | U | D | J | P | Z | B | K | Q |
9 | . | W | F | L | / | G | M | Y | H | V |
, 0 7. SUBWAY. 80 99. , 8 9 . . , , .
: "DAL. DER SOWJETISCHEFERNE OSTEN KANN ALS SICHER VOR EINEM ANGRIFF JAPANS ERACHTET WERDEN. RAMSAY" (DAL. . .). DAL - , . DAL - .
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DAL | .DE | R/SO | WJE | TISC | HE/ | FERN |
83593 | 90833 | 49402 | 91843 | 61080 | 98394 | 92347 |
E/OS | TEN/ | KANN | /AL | S/SI | CHE | R/V |
39420 | 63794 | 88577 | 94593 | 09401 | 80983 | 49499 |
OR/E | INEM | /ANG | RIF | F/J | APA | NS/E |
24943 | 17396 | 94579 | 54192 | 92948 | 45855 | 70943 |
RACH | TET/ | WER | DEN. | RAM | SAY | . |
45809 | 86369 | 49134 | 83379 | 04596 | 05979 | 0 |
, «» , .
-100 ""
.. 1930 . . .
. , . , ASCII UTF-8. , .
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00 | 01 | 02 | 03 | 04 | 05 | 06 | 07 | 08 | 09 | 10 |
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11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 |
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22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | 32 |
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 0 | / |
33 | 34 | 35 | 36 | 37 | 38 | 39 | 40 | 41 | 42 | 43 |
3 . , - , , - , .
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: " 18" , , , .. 5 6 .
-1 1932 . , , -4.
1939 .. -4. -100 "" -4. -100 3 - , , , 7 . - 141 . 1938 .
(1936 - 1939) - (1939 - 1940). - . , (- ). , .
1939 100 "" -. , .
-37 ""
-100, 1939 .. K-37, .
- . [1], [2], ... , [2n], n . : 1 N , , N + 1, .
- .
-100, -37 19 , . 1939 . 1940 150 -37 96 -100. 5-6 .
«-37» , . , . 1945 , 1947 .
-
""
, , . .
1930 (-) - - . - , , .
-, , . , , . . , .
1935 - 1936 " " - "", . "-2", -. 1940 262 ., .
"" - .
-1 "" "-"
"", 1938 .. - . -1. .
1942 "-" - . «-»: , , .
Sources
YES. Larin. Soviet encryption service during the war
A.V. Sinelnikov. Soviet intelligence codes
Vadim Grebennikov. Cryptology and secret communication. Made in USSR.