Many of us have encountered card fraud or problems with transactions from abroad. And how many more vulnerabilities does this faulty card payment system conceal in itself? Is there an alternative, but reliable and convenient replacement for it? How about a blockchain based system? To answer these questions, one should consider and compare the transaction execution schemes, as well as the security and ease of use of cryptocurrency and card payment systems.
Some useful definitions:
Card network policies vary greatly from country to country.
Issuing banks are banks that create cards. Each card has the name of the bank: this is the issuer.
Acquiring banks are banks that represent merchants.
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https://habr.com/ru/post/350554/
https://www.visa.ca/en_CA/pay-with-visa/security.html
https://developer.visa.com/capabilities/vctc