In the summer of 1986, Senator Al Gore (Albert Arnold Gore, Jr.) of Tennessee introduced an amendment to Congressional legislation to provide a budget for the US National Science Foundation (NSF). He called on the federal government to explore the possibilities of "communication networks to link supercomputers at universities and federal research centers." ...
One of the promising technologies is the development of fiber optic systems for voice and data transmission.
I was amazed that it was at the same time that I participated in the preparation of materials for the Resolution of the Central Committee of the CPSU and the Council of Ministers of the USSR . This decree was prepared in pursuance of the Decision of the Civil Code of the Council of Ministers of the USSR on ERW of 03/18/85, No. 79:
This Decision provided for the organization of work to counter the strategic defense initiative (SDI) of the United States. SDI USA is the so-called "star wars". I must say that the military-political situation in the mid-1980s of the last century reminds me personally of today. The same confrontation with the United States, the same sanctions, the same difficult economic situation in the country. And in these difficult economic conditions, it was necessary to find a solution that could maintain parity with the United States.
The main volume of work under the Anti-SOI program (the USSR's response to the US Star Wars) was assigned to the Strategic Missile Forces , to the 4 Central Research Institute of the Ministry of Defense .
In those years, the 4 Central Research Institute of the Ministry of Defense was headed by General Volkov Lev Ivanovich, (1930-2007) - Russian scientist in the field of missile systems, corresponding member of the Russian Academy of Sciences (1991), laureate of the USSR State Prize (1990), lieutenant general (1984). Volkov L.I.personally led the work on AntiSOI. To carry out these works, he carried out the reorganization of the institute, which also affected me personally. In mid-1986, the head of the department, Boyarsky A.G., summoned me as a junior researcher. and said that the Head of the Institute was calling us. Volkov L.I. asked what I think about the use of computer technology in the work on Anti-SOI. By this time, I had already defended in 1982 at the Military Academy. F.E. Dzerzhinsky dissertation on distributed database management systems. I dreamed of building computer networks, personal computers, etc. And then everything coincided. I laid out all my thoughts on this matter to him. I drew him a picture of how we will create computer networks in the subdivisions of the institute, in the General Staff building, how we will combine them on the basis of optical fiber into a single network,how they can be used:
I said that all this could then be transferred to the national economy.
His decision amazed me. L.I. Volkov, instead of reprimanding me for my Manilovism, suddenly said: - What do you think about what if we offer you to head a new department that will deal with the automation of scientific research at our institute? I recently turned 33 and am offered the post of colonel. This have not happened before. I replied that I was ready, but on condition that I would select people myself. Good was received.
And from that moment my participation in the preparation of the Resolution of the Central Committee of the CPSU and the Council of Ministers of the USSR began under the Anti-SOI program. This work was primarily related to the substantiation of the creation of a simulation modeling stand based on computer networks, which would be built on optics and personal computers that were not yet produced in the USSR, but we had already laid them in the delivery plan to the institute, and the network equipment was also not It was. It was necessary to find someone who could create computer networks. I had to go around a number of institutes, including the Institute of Cybernetics in Kiev. Our choice ultimately settled on the ITK of the Academy of Sciences of the BSSR and the Research Institute of SVT in Kirov.
The result of this great collective preparatory work was the fundamental report of L.I. Volkov. "Methodology for substantiating the requirements for advanced models of military equipment and equipment using an automated research system." He repeatedly reported in various high offices, which ultimately led to the approval in 1987 of the Resolution of the Central Committee of the CPSU and the Council of Ministers of the USSR, prepared by us.
See how relevant this talk sounds today:
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Today, the main tasks are moving from the development of specific models and weapons systems to the field of analysis and prediction of those changes that will cause the created weapons in the weapons system as a whole, in the balance of forces of the opposing sides, the reaction of a potential enemy, as well as economic, social and environmental changes.
Replace "socialism, our advanced system" with the Russian Federation and that's it.
And here are the final words of the report:
In conclusion, we will list the main problems that need to be solved in the process of developing ASNI:
- creation of local area networks based on a mono-channel and the development of the main issues related to their operation;
- creation of a distributed database management system;
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It should be borne in mind that when the report was written at the institute there was not yet a single personal computer. The first one appeared, God forbid, in 1987! The report itself was printed in several copies under a carbon copy on a typewriter, and then was reproduced by electrographic method, one copy of which I kept:
It was because of this method of reproduction of the report that I could not even convert it into text, I had to type again. But this is even for the best, he relived all the events of almost forty years ago. What am I doing? And in order to show what the level of development of EWT technology was then in 1986.
What did we want to achieve? The first is to increase the computing power of the institute and the number of automated workstations at the expense of terminals and personal computers:
This is how the computing power of the institute's computer park was supposed to change:
The second thing we wanted to get was the technology of building local networks and global networks based on fiber:
And all this we conceived in 1986. Note how this all correlates with the dates from the postSLY_G The Rise of the Internet, Part 2: The Emergence of Private and Public Companies . That is why I took the liberty of taking the first part of the title for this publication. I think the author will understand and forgive me.
Since this report has not been published anywhere, I decided to present this collective work to the public.
Full text of the report
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And now back to the article we started with, another quote from it:
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Oh, how I hoped that the Decree of the Central Committee of the CPSU and the Council of Ministers of the USSR would allow us to create a basis for the introduction of electronic technology in universities and schools of the country, in research institutes and factories and as a result create the OGAS of the country that the state will be interested in our work. Here is the real conversion ...
Read about how we managed to implement our project here .
And on the threshold was 1991!
Low bow to L.I. Volkov for giving him the opportunity to at least try to realize his ideas. It’s not his fault that something went wrong.
And yet I took part in the creation of the Russian segment of the Internet. In 1998, I resigned from the ranks of the RF Armed Forces and was invited to work at ZAO Mikrotest. And already there I took part in the construction of the SPD Ministry of RailwaysRussia. But all the equipment was already imported ... Then there was still no talk of import substitution .