Data storage. Or what is NAS, SAN and other clever abbreviations in simple words

TL; DR: Introductory article describing different storage options. The principles will be discussed, advantages and disadvantages, and preferred use cases will be described.





Why is this all?



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  • . , , . โ€” SATA, SAS, โ€” IDE, SCSI.






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  • Flash. , SSD. , SSD ( ). .
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RAID Fujitsu



  • . RAID, (, BtrFS), (NFS) (iSCSI), SDS




LVM Linux Azure



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DAS



Direct Attached Storage โ€” , . , , , , , . , . , , : , โ€” :





, . , , RAID- , RAID \ , . , .



SAN



Storage area network, , , . , , DAS. Fibre Channel, โ€” . , SCSI NVMe, FC, TCP, SAN iSCSI.





SAN, , HBA , , ( โ€” ) , . HBA โ€” , , SAN. ยซยป , . , . , . , . , . HBA ( HBA) , SAN.



, (multipath) , , , . ( ) , ( ), .



NAS



Network attached storage, , ( ) , NFS, SMB . DAS, . โ€” ( ), , โ€” , , NAS. SAN , NAS ..





Unified storage



, NAS SAN. SAN, . ( , SAN ), โ€” , NFS.



SDS



Software-defined storage โ€” , DAS, , .



GlusterFS Ceph, ( LVM2, iSCSI NFS).





N.B. : Ceph, , Ceph. , , Ceph. .



SDS GlusterFS



SDS โ€” , . , SDS, SAN\NAS, . , โ€” , , ( ), , SAN. NAS, ( ) .





, SAN . SDS, , SDS โ€” . . , , , . , , SAN. , .







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